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The Dardic languages or Dardu are a sub-group of the Indo-Aryan languages natively spoken in northern Pakistan's Gilgit Baltistan, Azad Kashmir and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, northern India's Jammu and Kashmir, and eastern Afghanistan. Kashmiri/Kashur is the most prominent Dardic language, with an established literary tradition and official recognition as one of the official languages of India.〔 ==Subdivisions== Dardic languages can be organized into the following subfamilies:〔 *Pashayi *Kunar languages: Dameli, Gawar-Bati, Nangalami (includes Grangali), and Shumashti *Chitral languages: Kalasha and Khowar *Kohistani languages: Bateri, Chilisso, Gowro, Kalami, Maiya (Indus Kohistani), Tirahi, Torwali, and Wotapuri-Katarqalai *Shina languages: Brokskad (the Shina of Baltistan and Ladakh), Domaaki, Kundal Shahi, Shina, Ushojo, and Kalkoti, Palula, Savi *Kashmiri/Kashur (Kashmiri/Kashur, Kashtawari/Kishtwari, Poguli, Rambani) In other classifications, Pashai may be included within Kunar, and Kashmiri within Shina. Khetrani may be a remnant Dardic language in the Siraiki region. Kohistan is a Persian word that means ‘land of mountains’; Kohistani can be translated as ‘mountain people’ or ‘mountain language’ and is popularly used to refer to several distinct languages in the mountain areas of Northern Pakistan, including Maiya, Kalami, and Torwali. Recording about the Torwals, a non Pashtun tribe which with the Gabaris, occupied both lower and upper Swat prior to the invasion of Swat by the Yusufzai Pashtun in the sixteenth century AD. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Dardic languages」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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